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SIRT4 inhibits glutamate dehydrogenase and opposes the effects of calorie restriction in pancreatic [beta] cells

Article Abstract:

SIRT4 is a mitochondrial enzyme that uses NAD to ADP-ribosylate and downregulate glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity. Results indicate that SIRT4 functions in [beta] cell mitochondria to repress the activity of GDH by ADP-ribosylation, thereby downregulating insulin secretion in response to amino acids, effects that are alleviated during calorie restriction.

Author: Guarente, Leonard, Yancopoulos, George D., Mostoslavsky, Raul, Wolberger, Cynthia, Weindruch, Richard, Karow, Margaret, Haigis, Marcia C., Blander, Gill, Prolla, Tomas A., Haigis, Kevin M., Valenzuela, David M., Fahle, Kamau, Murphy, Andrew J., Christodoulou, Danos C., Aft, Frederick W.
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 2006
Insulin, Pancreatic beta cells, Ribose, Glutamate dehydrogenase

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DNA repair, genome stability, and aging

Article Abstract:

The role of cellular DNA damage responses in the manifestations of aging is discussed and the Sir2 gene, which is responsible for linking genomic stability, metabolism and aging, is examined. The findings suggest that Sir2's ability to regulate genome stability and aging could play an important role in genome maintenance and DNA repair in mammals.

Author: Mostoslavsky, Raul, Chua, Katrin F., Franco, Sonia, Lombard, David B., Alt, Ferderick W., Gostissa, Monica
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 2005
United States, Aging, Genetic aspects, Aging (Biology)

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Choreography of the DNA damage response: Spatiotemporal relationships among checkpoint and repair proteins

Article Abstract:

DNA repair is an essential process for preserving genome integrity in all organisms. A study analyzed the cellular response to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and replication stress in Sacharomyces cerevisiae.

Author: Rothstein, Rodney, Lisby, Michael, Barlow, Jacqueline H., Burgess, Rebecca C.
Publisher: Elsevier B.V.
Publication Name: Cell
Subject: Biological sciences
ISSN: 0092-8674
Year: 2004
Genetic research, DNA replication

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Subjects list: Research, DNA repair, Genomes
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