Symbiotic relationship of Thiothrix spp. with an echinoderm

Article Abstract:

Research was conducted to examine an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect immunofluorescence assay which employ a Thiothrix spp.-specific mouse monoclonal antibody to detect Thiothrix spp. in samples of bacterial nodules from Echinocardium cordatum cecum. Results from the ELISA showed that the concentration of Thiothrix spp. was greater in the whole nodules than in the outer layer. The symbiotic association between E. cordatum and Thiothrix spp. was observed to develop externally on the cecum nodule which was in an outpocketing of the digestive system.

Research, Symbiosis, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Bacterial proteins, Marine invertebrates, Echinodermata

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Development and application of the monoclonal antibody against Thiothrix spp

Article Abstract:

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay uses a Thiothrix spp.-specific monoclonal antibody T3511 to identify Thiothrix spp. in artesian springs, waste water, underwater subterranean samples and ground water. Thiothrix spp. in waste water is identified by the indirect immunofluorescent microscopy, while background fluorescence prevents this method to be used for the identification of Thiothrix in natural spring water. Epitope T3511 is intracellular in both environmental isolates and laboratory strains, as revealed by electron micrographs of labeled Thiothrix spp.

Analysis, Usage, Monoclonal antibody probes

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Sorption of heavy metals to the filamentous bacterium Thiothrix strain A1

Article Abstract:

The ability of Thiothrix strain A1 to remove heavy metals from solution was described. Uptake of nickel and zinc was very rapid and was dependent on cell age. The binding of zinc was inhibited by the presence of other divalent cations. The primary mechanism of metal sorption appeared to be ion exchange. The chelating agents EDTA and NTA prevented metal uptake, but lactate enhanced the uptake of nickel. Moreover, metal sorption can account for metal toxicity on Thiothrix strain A1.

Physiological aspects, Environmental aspects, Heavy metals

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