The elemental principles of calcium signaling

Article Abstract:

All-or-none Ca2+ pulses produce calcium (Ca) signals which control cellular processes, such as secretion and proliferation. Restriction and coordination of Ca2+ release units produces different physiological conditions. Most cellular processes use Ca2+ released from intracellular reserves. The receptors of ryanodine or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate control the release of Ca2+. The movement of Ca2+ into the cell by the opening of the voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels is seen in the squid giant synapse and Drosophila photoreceptors.

Physiological aspects, Calcium ions, Calcium in the body, Calcium (Nutrient)

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Cooking with calcium: The recipes for composing global signals from elementary events

Article Abstract:

It is indicated that global intracellular Casuper2+ signals are caused by the summation and coordination of subcellular elementary release events. Casuper2+ transients from HeLa cells were imaged using confocal microscopy, to determine how cells use elementary Casuper2+ release events. The effect of the advancement in the three domains was to push ambient Casuper2+ concentration towards a regenerative signal, leading to a global Casuper2+ wave.

Cellular signal transduction

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