International variation in the business-government interface: institutional and organizational considerations

Article Abstract:

This article combines concepts from institutional analysis in modern political economy and from organizational behavior better to understand variation in the business-government interface among major industrialized democracies. We contend that differences in business-government relations across countries can be better understood by examining the institutions through which business and government interact with particular attention to formal constraints such as rules that individuals devise and informal constraints - such as culture and norms of behavior. We also submit that attributes of the institutions involved in the interaction of business and government can be better understood by examining how individuals are attracted to, selected by, and choose to remain as members of institutions. From this theoretical framework we have developed some implications for the types of economic policies that are likely to be adopted in different countries and the tactics and strategies that businesses may use to represent their interests in public policy processes. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Industrial policy

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Trust: the connecting link between organizational theory and philosophical ethics

Article Abstract:

Numerous researchers have proposed that trust is essential for understanding interpersonal and group behavior, managerial effectiveness, economic exchange and social or political stability, yet according to a majority of these scholars, this concept has never been precisely defined. This article reviews definitions from various approaches within organizational theory, examines the consistencies and differences, and proposes that trust is based upon an underlying assumption of an implicit moral duty. This moral duty - an anomaly in much of organizational theory - has made a precise definition problematic. Trust also is examined from philosophical ethics, and a synthesis of the organizational and philosophical definitions that emphasizes an explicit sense of moral duty and is based upon accepted ethical principles of analysis is proposed. This new definition has the potential to combine research from the two fields of study in important areas of inquiry. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Psychological aspects, Organizational behavior, Trust (Psychology)

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