Guanxi: connections as substitutes for formal institutional support

Article Abstract:

Interview data from China are used to test an argument that executives develop personal connections in societies with underdeveloped legal support for private businesses. In China, such connections are called 'guanxi.' An underdeveloped legal framework makes private-company executives more dependent on 'guanxi' than executives in state-owned or collective-hybrid companies. Compared to the other executives, private-company executives considered business connections more important, depended more on connections for protection, had more government connections, gave more unreciprocated gifts, and trusted their connections more. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Chinese, Chinese (Asian people), Organizational behavior

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Why cross-national differences in role overload? Don't overlook ambient temperature!

Article Abstract:

The finding that, across nations, power distance (expected and accepted unequal interpersonal influence) is positively related to role overload (Peterson et al., 1995) might be an artifact of the relation between role overload and ambient temperature or other third factors. We related data on power distance and role overload to other data sets, making explicit how much is often not considered when countries are compared. Results show a mysterious but unmistakable heat-overload link, which is discussed from both a physiopsychological and an evolutionary cultural perspective. (Reprinted by permission of the publisher.)

Cross-cultural studies, Cross cultural studies, Power (Social sciences), Political power, Role expectation, Role expectations

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Commentary: guanxi and growth in China, blurred visions in Bulgaria

Article Abstract:

Three papers on management issues and strategies in China and Bulgaria failed to provide a comprehensive picture of management in the future. The first paper stresses the need to combine Chinese and Western concepts to create a new management culture in the 21st century. The second paper examines the concerns of Bulgarian firms regarding the uncertainty, inefficiency, corruption and unpredictability of the overall institutional environment while the third focuses on the advent of alliance postsocialism as a business strategy in China during a period of economic transition.

Analysis, Management, Management research, Business enterprises, Bulgaria

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