The implications of a switch to locally varying business rates

Article Abstract:

The UK government introduced the Uniform Business Rate (UBR) in Apr 1990 which established a nationally-recognised level of payment. Pre-1990 business rates varied in each local authority. The UBR is a controversial area. The government claims that it: removes variations; achieves stability and simplifies the system. Critics claim that varying rates allow closer cooperation between businesses and lcoal authorities. The study uses 4 different types of business rate models and concludes that an equalisation model allows predetermined payments to authorities, simplifying the system.

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Who pays business rates?

Article Abstract:

The UK allows the imposition of a tax called non-domestic rates on occupiers of non-domestic property. Although this tax is levied on tenants of commercial space, it has been hypothesized that much of the burden for the tax falls on landlords. The reform of the system of domestic rates in Apr. 1990 provides an opportunity to test this hypothesis. It is shown that lower business rates benefit tenants in the short-run and landlords in the long-run.

Evaluation, Economic policy, Real property tax, Real property taxes

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Local government finance and equalisation: the case of Ireland

Article Abstract:

Methods of calculating the amount of Rate Support Grant to loval government in Northern Ireland are presented. A Rate Support Grant is the subsidy given to a local authority to equalise the spending of each per head of population. Two methods of calculation are possible, one which assesses needs according to a population weighted average and another which uses a local authority's current spending.

Finance, Ireland, Political aspects, Local government

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