Dishonesty and Corruption: Who Draws the Line?

Article Abstract:

Fraud investigation squads in the United Kingdom have not been up to par. In the early 1970s huge scandals in the building and construction industry led to large overages. Corruption among public officials was endemic. Police mechanisms have avoided fraud issues; cases investigated have generally had foregone conclusions. The prosecution also avoids these cases unless they are clear-cut. Fraud cases are an ordeal for juries as they are complex and time-consuming. Technical matters often cause gross errors by juries and should be considered by a judge before a verdict is made. Despite community problems, the main responsibility lies with senior management and internal controls. The fact is that fraud cases are ignored, internally. The notorious 'Crown Agents Affair' draws clearly the weaknesses of the public investigation structure. Dishonesty, bad judgement, mistakes and incompetency need to be clearly delineated to be handled. Evidence is hard to gather. Often, outside controls will prevent malpractice.

United Kingdom, Fraud, White collar crimes, White collar crime

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A boost below the line

Article Abstract:

An increasingly competitive marketplace increases the significance of field marketing efforts. The growing cost of maintaining an on-the-road sales force also suggests that it is best to employ auxiliary workers rather than in-house staff in these marketing efforts. Sales promotion is one versatile advertising tool for promoting product awareness; reaching consumers in the store, at point of sale. Sales promotion solutions to marketing problems must be targeted by consumer market to be effective, however.

Methods, Finance, Advertising, Sales promotions

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Views on the bottom line

Article Abstract:

Issues are presented concerning the interpretation of different aspects of financial statements by accountants. The reporting of a company's economic fundamentals through the use of a balance sheet is discussed.

Management, Business enterprises, Valuation, Financial statements

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