Doing business in Europe: Spain
Article Abstract:
Accountants that are considering doing business in Spain should be aware of Spain's business registration requirements, business taxes, and individual taxes. Business partnerships in Spain are controlled by the Commercial Code, and include general and limited partnerships. Spanish limited companies consist of Sociedad Anonimas (SAs), which have no minimum capital, and Sociedad de Responsabilidad Limitadas, which are limited to 50 million pesetas. SAs require three founding members, a deed of incorporation, and official verification of funds availability and partner identity. Business taxes include: 35% on world-wide income of residence companies; 20% on withholdings; and 12% value-added tax. Taxes on individuals vary from 25% for residents with comes over 618,000 pesetas to 56% for residents with incomes exceeding 8.24 million pesetas. Foreign residents are charged approximately 20% on Spanish income and 35% on capital gains.
Publication Name: Accountancy
Subject: Business
ISSN: 0001-4664
Year: 1989
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Doing business in Europe: Denmark
Article Abstract:
Laws relevant to running a business and living in Denmark are explained. Definitions of business entities in Denmark, whether Danish-owned or Danish branches of foreign companies, are listed. Tax laws are explained for the following categories: business, withholding, value-added, individual, wealth, and inheritance.
Publication Name: Accountancy
Subject: Business
ISSN: 0001-4664
Year: 1989
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