The role of the WTO and the international agencies in SPS standard setting

Article Abstract:

Sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) regulations can function as nontariff barriers. Until 1995, the provisions of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade had little effect on SPS measures, despite and Agreement on Tariff Barriers to Trade negotiated during the Tokyo Round. With the finalization of the Marrakesh Accords, the new Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and a more formidable Dispute Settlement procedure, mean that SPS measures are now more tightly controlled. The Agreement, its modus operandi and its dependence on the activities of the international standards setting bodies such as Codex Alimentarius, were analyzed.

Intnl Economic Policy, Trade Barriers, Laws, regulations and rules, Economic policy, World Trade Organization, International agencies, International organizations, International trade regulation, Nontariff trade barriers

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Unilateral reforms, trade blocs, and law of one price: MERCOSUR rice markets

Article Abstract:

The Johansen's multivariate cointegration testing methods provide validation to the presence of law of one price (LOP) during the post unilateral reform and regional integration period. The use of these procedures also demonstrated the cointegration of rough and wholesale milled prices among member nations of the Common Market of the South (MERCOSUR) trade bloc during the MERCOSUR policy regime. On the other hand, no cointegration was found during post unilateral reform and regional integration period with regards to prices in the retail markets.

Rice, Rice Farming, Price & Wage Controls, Economic aspects, Prices and rates, Pricing, Grain industry, Wage price policy

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How red are the roses? A case study of US antidumping procedures

Article Abstract:

The Floral Trade Council of Haslett, MI, initiated an antidumping petition with the International Trade Commission against Ecuadorian and Colombian rose exporters on Feb. 14, 1994. The council alleged that the exporters undersold their products and adversely affected the US market but the ITC failed to find conclusive evidence to support their claims. The antidumping case illustrates the growing strength of protectionism in the world. It also shows that comparative advantages in the international market can be offset by antidumping petitions.

Nursery and Floriculture Production, AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION--CROPS, Antidumping Programs, Seeds, Flowers & Bulbs, Horticultural products, Dumping (International trade), Protectionism, Flowers, Antidumping duties

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