Effect of ultrasound on the base-catalyzed hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate in aqueous ethanol

Article Abstract:

The kinetics of base-catalyzed hydrolyzed of 4-nitrophenyl acetate is analyzed in water and water-ethanol mixtures under ultrasound using a probe equipped with a quartz horn and, by comparison, without sonication. The results have shown that the effect of ultrasound might be related to the perturbation of solute-solvent interactions, which can be applied to both acid-catalyzed and base-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions.

Industrial organic chemicals, not elsewhere classified, Ethanol, Ethyl Alcohol Manufacturing, Observations, Alcohol, Hydrolysis, Alcohol, Denatured

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Ultrasonic evidence of hydrophobic interactions. Effect of ultrasound on benzoin condensation and some other reactions in aqueous ethanol

Article Abstract:

A study is conducted to determine the kinetics of KCN-catalyzed benzoin condensation of benzaldehyde in water and ethanol-water binary mixtures both under ultrasound at 22 kHz and without sonication. The ultrasound affects hydrophobic interactions with the solvent, whereas the sonication has hindered the reaction when it suppresses the stabilization of the encounter complexes between reagents.

Science & research, Petrochemical Manufacturing, Benzene, Research, Analysis, Dynamics, Dynamics (Mechanics), Mechanical properties, Hydrophobic effect, Condensation

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