The surface phase diagram of the hexagonal phase of the C12E5/water system

Article Abstract:

Isotropization temperature was found to shift toward higher values in a layer close to the surface and that the lattice constant of the H1 phase in this layer is smaller than the corresponding bulk value. Micellar diameter during the hexagonal phase was found to be independent of the surfactant concentration. This facilitates ease in calculating the surfactant weight fraction of the H1 phase in the surface layer. Findings have indicated the possibility of drawing the L1-H1 coexistence lines in the temperature composition plane.

Chemistry, Physical and theoretical, Physical chemistry, Nonionic contrast media

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Surface properties of ice studied by atomic force microscopy

Article Abstract:

The surface properties of ice in the temperature range of -24 to -0.7 degrees Celsius was investigated using the atomic force microscope. The upper limit of the thickness of the liquidlike layer on the surface of the ice varied between 12 nm and 70 nm at the given temperature range. This correlated to the increase in the adhesion force. In force-versus-distance measurements, the tip penetrated the ice at low velocities. It was also observed that friction increases with decreasing sliding velocity.

Usage, Ice, Atomic force microscopy

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