Formation and repair of interstrand cross-links in DNA

Article Abstract:

Several antitumour drugs react with DNA to form interstrand cross-links, causing chromosomal alterations like DNA strand breakage and hyper-recombination on the DNA helix, necessitating repair of damage on both strands of the DNA. Two basic processes by which interstrand cross-link lesions are repaired, an error-free process and an error-prone process, rely on proteins in the nucleotide incision repair, homologous recombination and translesion DNA synthesis pathways.

Proteins, Protein crosslinking

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Toward a detailed understanding of base excision repair enzymes: Transition state and mechanistic analyses of N-glycoside hydrolysis and N-glycoside transfer

Article Abstract:

Monofunctional base excision repair enzymes (BER) are DNA glycosylases that hydrolyze N-glycoside bonds to create a common product from disparate types of DNA damage and remove the damaged nucleobase by glycosyl transfer. Direct transition state (TS) analysis of uracil DNA glycosylase and indirect TS analyses of related reactions, like the ricin-catalyzed reactions, help in a better understanding of BER enzymes.

Hydrolysis, Glycosides

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Mechanistic comparison of high-fidelity and error-prone DNA polymerases and ligases involved in DNA repair

Article Abstract:

Structural and functional data are considered to compare the mechanistic features of high-fidelity DNA polymerase beta (Pol beta) and error-prone DNA polymerase X (Pol X), contributing to polymerization fidelity in DNA ligation. Chemical, kinetic and structural mechanisms are studied to understand the biological functions of these enzymes.

DNA polymerases, Ligases, Structure

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