How environmental stress affects the impacts of parasites

Article Abstract:

The ways in which environmental stress affects impacts of parasites have been studied. Often the interactions are complex the the host may be affected disproportionately and negatively or the effects of parasitism may be ameliorated. Four types of environmental stressors and their intersections with infectious diseases are discussed. Fisheries can impact populations already stressed by disease, but may lower density of a host population below the threshold for sustained transmission. Introduced species may introduce new diseases to susceptible native populations. Pollutants may help parasitism by raising host susceptibility or increasing the supply of intermediates. Habitat changes such as impounding water or development can affect intermediate host and vector populations, and the number of parasites can go up or down. Parasitism should be considered when stressors of aquatic systems are evaluated.

United States, Environmental aspects, Host-parasite relationships

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Site-specific and ontogenetic variations in nutrition of mussels (Bathymodiolus sp.) from the Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

Article Abstract:

Two metabolically distinct prokaryotic endosymbionts, methanotrophic and thiotrophic, are supported in the gills of mussels at Lucky Strike hydrothermal vent field in the Mid-Atlantic. Site-specific differences in isotopic compositions of host mussels may reflect differences in methane and sulfide availability. Large differences in mean nitrogen and carbon isotopic compositions were found in mussels collected from 2 chemically distinct vents at Lucky Strike.

Research, Food and nutrition, Mussels, Oceanographic research, Atlantic Ocean, Mid-Atlantic Ridge

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