Efficiency in manufacturing and the need for global competition

Article Abstract:

The variations in manufacturing productivities of manufacturing industries in Germany, Japan and the US were studied. Productivity was measured as value added per hour worked, while industry-specific exchange rates were determined to address the currency conversion problem. It was concluded that productivity was determined through traditional factors, such as capital intensity and scale, but was also due to innovations, such as manufacturing design, workplace organization and employee training and incentives. A link between higher productivity and exposure to international competition was also discovered. Two comments on and a general discussion of the article are also included.

Economic aspects, Industrial efficiency, Economic efficiency, International competition (Commerce), International competition (Economics)

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Indexation and wage change settlement: evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to examine a joint framework for wage changes and cost of living allowances at various manufacturing companies in Spain. The relationship between non-indexed wage and market conditions were analyzed. The study also examined institutional factors that influence the country's labor market. Results indicated that workers pay a significant ex-ante change premium to realize a cost of living allowance clause. Findings also showed spillover effects in wage setting.

Wage Administration, Social aspects, Compensation and benefits, Compensation management, Spain, Wages, Wages and salaries, Cost and standard of living, Cost of living

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Expectations formation and business cycle fluctuations: an empirical analysis of actual and expected output in UK manufacturing, 1975-1996

Article Abstract:

The expectations and actual results of industrial productivity in eight manufacturing industries in the United Kingdom in regard to business cycles from 1975 to 1996 are discussed.

United Kingdom, Statistical Data Included, Production management, Business cycles

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