Information in ultimatum games: an experimental study

Article Abstract:

An experiment that incorporates variations of the ultimatum game is conducted. In this game, the amount and type of information revealed to the responder is controlled. The participant knows the absolute (monetary) and relative (percent of whole pie) value of payoffs from an offer in two treatments but knows either only the absolute or only the relative nature of payoffs in two other treatments. Hypotheses based on subgame-perfection, Bolton's comparative equilibrium, Ochs and Roth's absolute threshold, and Ochs and Roth's percentage threshold are not supported by the main findings.

Psychological aspects, Compensation management, Consumer behavior, Negotiation, Negotiations

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Fairness and survival in ultimatum and dictatorship games

Article Abstract:

The concept of fairness has been the focal point of most debates on dictatorship and ultimatum games. The meaning of fairness, however, may vary based on context. An unfair action may be considered as otherwise if it amounts to economic survival. The concept of survival enables one to justify an action that may seem improper if the survival issue is not raised. A set of two-stage survival dictatorship and ultimatum games has shown that pressures to survive in the market may temper the desire for fairness.

Economics, Research and Development in the Social Sciences and Humanities, Social aspects, Fairness, Ultimatums

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