Mergers, investments in cost reduction and welfare

Article Abstract:

The effect of mergers on costs and welfare is discussed. Unlike traditional theory, it is shown that cost reductions and savings fail to outweigh the decrease in production output. The results of investment decisions of a duopoly, such as in research and development projects that lead to cost reduction in the expectation of a merger, cannot compare, effectwise, to an existing duopolistic competition situation. In short, welfare effects of a merger are dampened by the reduced output quantity in a post-merger situation.

Economic aspects, Acquisitions and mergers, Duopolies

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Disability retirement in a welfare state

Article Abstract:

Gender differences were noted with regards to responsiveness to income opportunities related with labor force status. Compared to men, women are more responsive when it comes to changes in benefits. The use of multinomial model reveals the substantial effects of income opportunities on labor force status even when medical information is utilized. The disincentive effects of benefits are lesser compared to the incentive effects of wages.

Retirement Benefits, Research, Employee benefits, Retirement, Welfare state

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Labor supply responses and welfare effects of tax reforms

Article Abstract:

The political support for a redistributive policy has been strong among Scandinavian welfare states, particularly during the late 1980s and early 1990s. Income differentials were narrowed through progressive income tax. It is shown that gradual tax reforms in Norway could have improved distortions on work behavior. Proportional taxes may lessen the unequal distribution of disposable income.

Analysis, Taxation, Tax reform, Labor supply, Labor force, Welfare economics

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