Product variety and market structure: a new measure and a simple test

Article Abstract:

A study aimed at measuring the empirical relationship of structure and variety in the music recording industry reveals that a nonmonotonic relationship exists. High and low levels of concentration produce a lessened variety whereas a moderately concentrated structure results in a maximum variety. A maximum variety is reached at a four-firm concentration ratio of approximately 50%. A rising market concentration in the market recording industry will result to a lessened level of product variety.

Consumer Audio Recordings, Integrated Record Production/Distribution, Prerecorded records and tapes, Usage, Marketing, Sound recording industry, Recording industry, Sound recordings, Entropy (Information theory)

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Single-price equilibrium with product differentiation

Article Abstract:

An analysis of single price equilibrium with product differentiation is presented. The analysis focuses on industrial entry and its impact on price and product markets. Perceived prices by consumers generate their preferences and valuation, which condition product differentiation. A model with diverse consumer settings is developed for the analysis. It is shown that specific consumer demands influence market entry andprice settings.

Prices, Product differentiation

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A general equilibrium model of crime and punishment

Article Abstract:

A study on how individuals who vary in their earnings abilities choose between work and crime was conducted with high regard on the possibility and consequences of punishment. The relationship of the probability of punishment with the level of crime was achieved as well as a relationship between the number of criminals, enforcement spending and the number punished. Results suggest that a reduction in inequality also lessens crime.

Police Protection, Crimes NEC, Crime, Punishment in crime deterrence

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