Theories of punishment and empirical trends in corporate criminal sanctions

Article Abstract:

Economists have theorized that the optimal penalty for a crime should be equal to the harm done divided by the probability of detection. Recent studies on corporate crime, paricularly with regards to the role of individuals in an organization convicted of crime, have added substantive arguments to this theory. A sample of business firms convicted of federal crimes shows that current prosecutorial and sentencing practice on corporate crime is consistent with the so-called optimal penalty theory.

Other Justice, Public Order, and Safety Activities, Criminal Law NEC, Punishment, Criminal liability of juristic persons, Juristic persons criminal liability, Criminal law

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Firm response to environmental regulation and environmental pressures

Article Abstract:

Papers by environmental economists that discuss how firms react to environmental regulations are summarized. Some of the topics shown to affect a firm's compliance behavior include the effect of shareholders, competitive advantages conferred by being compliant, the role of research and development on compliance and competitiveness, as well as the use of financial responsibility to tranfer environmental risks and liability.

Environmental Management, Administration of Air and Water Resource and Solid Waste Management Programs, Environmental Programs, Liability for environmental damages, Environmental policy, Environmental economics

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New evidence on the origins of corporate crime

Article Abstract:

There is little evidence to support the widely-held view that poorly performing corporations are more likely to engage in crime. Panel data on public corporations from 1975 to 1992 shows that this relationship is applicable only to environmental crime, with other types of corporate crime not manifesting such a relationship. Moreover, larger firms are more likely to engage in crime.

Crime

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