Consequences of evolving with bacterial symbionts: insights from the squid-vibrio associations

Article Abstract:

The progress of the study of the squid-vibrio association is reviewed in this article. Bobtail squids and other members of the 14 sepiolid genera have an internal ligh-emitting organ associated with the ink sac. In some cases the luminescence is autogenic, not bacterial, in origin. Four culturable gamma-proteobacteria group of gram-negative bacteria form specific associations with light organs of marine fishes and squid. The squid-vibrio symbioses give an opportunity to study aspects of dynamics of stable associations between animals and bacteria.

Physiological aspects, Symbiosis, Bacteria, Vibrio, Bioluminescence, Squids, Squid, Morphology (Animals), Animal morphology

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Evolution of eastern Asian and eastern North American disjunct distributions in flowering plants

Article Abstract:

Morphologically similar flowering plants are seen in eastern Asia and eastern North America. The plants have fascinated botanists and biogeographers. Fossil and geologic evidence indicate multiple origins of the pattern in the Tertiary. The North Atlantic and Bering land bridges would be involved. Morphological stasis must have taken place in some of the disjunct groups in the north temperate zone.

Asia, North America, Natural history, East Asia, Cladistic analysis, Botanical research, Population genetics, Biogeography

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Physical-biological coupling in streams: the pervasive effects of flow on benthic organisms

Article Abstract:

The effects of flow on benthic organisms are pervasive and affect physical-biological coupling profoundly. A conceptual framework for investigating the mutiple causal pathways by which flow invluences benthic biota is proposed. Attnetion is pu on the local scales at which organisms respond to flow.

Algae, Genetic aspects, Invertebrates, Benthos, Benthic zone, Hydrodynamics, Stream ecology, Hydraulics

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