Limit states design of wastewater treatment facilities: a proposal

Article Abstract:

Limit states design used in building structural codes must also be applied for wastewater treatment systems. This is to prevent disaster and threats to public health from the failure of wastewater treatment plants during floods. These plants should not be located at or very close to a floodplain as proposed by the Missouri Governor's Task Force on Flood Plain Management. Every component of the wastewater treatment system must be examined with regards to its vulnerability to flood. Also, its essential components should be located above the geomorphic flood plain.

Design and construction, Water treatment plants

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Design of branched-water-supply network on uneven terrain

Article Abstract:

The proposed method for the design of branched-water-supply network on uneven terrain uses a combination of nonlinear programming techniques and trial-and-error procedures. However, this method fails to consider the provisions for minimum service pressure heads at interior nodes. A noncomputer approach based on a cost-headloss-ratio criterion is suggested. This approach avoids the use of successive trials which can lead to violations of the service head constraints.

Methods, Distribution, Water, Water-supply, Water supply, Water-supply engineering, Water supply engineering, Water distribution

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Strange attractions and chaos in wastewater flow

Article Abstract:

The wastewater studies made by Angelbeck and Minkara indicate the existence of chaotic processes in daily wastewater flow. The use of correlation exponents, Lyapunov exponents and power spectra in the analysis are inconclusive. Correlation exponents require a minimum number of data to arrive at a conclusion. Similarly, the Lyapunov exponent require the right selection of the delay time and an accurate estimate of the dimensions of strange attractors.

Sewage, Chaos theory, Chaotic systems, Hydraulics

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