Optimal design for anaerobic pretreatment of municipal wastewater

Article Abstract:

Bruce J. Alderman and associates conducted a study of the use of anaerobic biofilm fluidized bed (ABFB) reactor for municipal wastewater treatment. Their aim was to determine under what conditions the ABFB could be economically advantageous to its user. Three submodels were integrated into a simple homogeneous CSTR expression while a fluidization submodel was proposed. A major drawback to their kinetic model was that it ignored the effect of organic loading on the fraction of COD removed.

Environmental aspects, Municipal water supply

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Evaluation of zone disinfection systems: characteristic time T

Article Abstract:

Selection of a reliable measure of the disinfectant contact time in minutes (T) which will meet the requirements of the EPA's surface water treatment rule (SWTR) was analyzed. Results indicate that three approaches to the prediction of inactivation efficience using T are possible. The problem with the T(10) approach is its nonlinearity, which may be overcome by engineering approximation. Compliance with the requirements of SWTR does not necessarily guarantee inactivation of viruses.

Research, Viruses, Water quality management, Virus inactivation

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Comparative risk dilemmas in drinking water disinfection

Article Abstract:

There is a need for reassessing the regulatory policies and physiological implications of using disinfectants for water purification processes. Studies have shown that disinfection byproducts (DBP) such as bromate ion and chloroform can produce cancer in laboratory animals. Furthermore, the limit on DBPs set by the EPA had been based on technological risks and not on health-related risks and only covered water systems serving more than 10,000 people.

Editorial, Drinking water

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