Phylogeny of vascular plants

Article Abstract:

Molecular and morphological studies have resolved many aspects of vascular plant phylogeny but some are still uncertain. Cladistics uses shared derived character states to identify clades and the criterion of parsimony to choose among hypotheses. Use of cladistics has led to major advances. Molecular systematics applies cladistic methods to a new kind of data offering more help. Vascular plants are a subset of the bryophytes. Morphology indicates that angiosperms and Gnetales are related, but details depend on uncertain fossil relationships. Molecular data are inconsistent, but indicate that both groups are monophyletic. Various relationships among plants are set forth.

World, Identification and classification, Taxonomy (Biology), Evolution (Biology), Phylogeny (Botany), Plant phylogeny, Evolution, Morphogenesis, Plants, Fossil, Fossil plants

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Principles of phylogeography as illustrated by freshwater and terrestrial turtles in the southeastern United States

Article Abstract:

Geographic patterns in mtDNA variation have been established for 22 freshwater and terrestrial turtle species in the southeastern US. Phylogeographic hypotheses and principles of genealogical concordance previously found from similar analyses of other vertebrates in the region have been evaluated. Shared elements in biogeographic histories of a diverse regional biota were found. Implications exist for evolutionary theory and for pragmatic uses, in the concordances and the discordances found. Both taxonomy and conservation biology can profit.

History, Natural history, Mitochondrial DNA, Biological diversity conservation, Biodiversity conservation, Southern States, Turtles, Chemical evolution, Molecular evolution, Biogeography

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