Sweden creates sludge products

Article Abstract:

The Kemwater Recycling Process (KREPRO) project, developed in Sweden, evolved to become more than just a system for eliminating the need for sludge disposal but also produced such by-products as biofuel, fertilizer and recycled coagulants. The project, which involved Kemira Kemi AB's Kemwater division, Alfa Laval Separation and the city of Helsingborg, transforms municipal sludge into useful products, with the resulting liquid returned to the treatment system to be used as a carbon denitrification source and for reuse of its precipitation chemicals during the phosphorous removal process.

Comment:

Kemwater Recycling Process project evolves to become more than just system for eliminating need for sludge disposal

Sweden, Waste Management and Remediation Services, Nonmanufacturing technology, Industrial Water Pollution, Article

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ASTM guidance on compostability of plastics

Article Abstract:

The American Society for Testing and Materials Institute for Standards Research issued the Standard Guide to Assess the Compostability of Environmentally Degradable Plastics in Oct 1996. The guide was a result of the efforts of the Degradable Polymeric Materials Program formed by 15 organizations involved in the production of environmentally degradable polymers. The program aim was to assure safe disposal and effective degradation of these polymers. The three-tiered strategy of the guide includes rapid screening tests, and laboratory and full scale assessment.

Standards, Plastics, ASTM, Biodegradable plastics

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Predicting compostability of disposable products

Article Abstract:

A pilot scale composting laboratory developed by Procter & Gamble Co. predicts the compostability of disposable consumer products using pilot scale simulations to assess the composting processes. The disintegration of the material, changes in its physical properties and its total disappearance are tested. The test matrix has been formulated using the US Environmental Protection Agency's waste characterization data. The laboratory facilities also include a technical base for future research in composting and process control.

Procter & Gamble Co., Observations, PG, Waste management, Recycling (Waste, etc.), Recycling

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