A controlled trial of a two-component acellular, a five-component acellular, and a whole-cell pertussis vaccine

Article Abstract:

An acellular pertussis vaccine containing five substances may be safe and effective in preventing pertussis, while an acellular vaccine containing two substances and a whole-cell vaccine appear to be less effective. Acellular vaccines contain proteins derived from the pertussis bacteria, while whole-cell vaccines contain inactivated bacteria which may be unsafe. Of 9,829 infants, 2589 received a five-component acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine, 2566 received a two-component DTP acellular vaccine, 2102 received a whole-cell DTP vaccine, and 2574 received a diphtheria-tetanus vaccine (control group). Based on an average follow-up of 21 to 24 months, the calculated efficacy of three doses of the vaccines were 85% for the five-component acellular vaccine, 58% for the two-component acellular vaccine, and 48% for the whole-cell vaccine. The whole-cell vaccine was more likely than the others to cause side effects such as long periods of crying and fever.

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A placebo-controlled trial of pertussis-toxoid vaccine

Article Abstract:

A vaccine of pertussis toxin inactivated by hydrogen peroxide may be effective in preventing pertussis in many people. Researchers vaccinated 1,726 infants with diptheria and tetanus (DT) toxoids and 1,724 infants with diptheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTP) toxoids. Vaccines were given in a series of three shots at the ages of 3, 5, and 12 months and the children were followed for a median of 17.5 months. There were 160 apparent cases of pertussis among the DTP group and 305 apparent cases among the DT group. The DTP vaccine was 71% effective. The infants who received the DTP vaccine rather than the DT vaccine experienced shorter periods of vomiting, coughing, and whooping. The incidence of fever following the vaccine was equal in both groups, but the incidence of skin inflammation was higher among the DTP group.

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The control of pertussis - 2007 and beyond

Article Abstract:

The history of the epidemiology of pertussis, which causes a prolonged whooping cough illness in many older children and adults, the nature of immunity against it, and the way to control it, is discussed. More attention should be paid to following the recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices that all adolescents and adults be given a dose of an acellular pertussis vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid.

United States, Health aspects, Diagnosis, Risk factors, Control, Whooping-cough, Whooping cough, Disease/Disorder overview

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