Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator: current status

Article Abstract:

The automatic cardioverter defibrillator (AICD) is an implantable device capable of detecting and terminating ventricular tachycardia (VT, abnormally rapid heartbeat), and ventricular fibrillation (VF, abnormal muscle contraction of the ventricle, a pumping chamber of the heart). The AICD (manufactured by Cardiac Pacemakers Inc, St. Paul, MN) was first used in 1980; since then more than 5,000 have been implanted as a means of managing ventricular arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). The AICD is routinely used in patients for whom suitable pharmacologic therapy cannot be found or in whom surgery for life-threatening arrhythmia is inappropriate or unsuccessful. Centers in the U.S. that implant the AICD report excellent reduction of mortality with the device. A recent U.S. study of 949 patients reports a 1- year sudden death rate of 2 percent that increased to 7.7 percent after four years. This is not an ideal anti-arrhythmic device, and improvements in its design are clearly needed; however, the AICD has been demonstrated to reduce the incidence of sudden cardiac death in high-risk patients.

Health aspects, Medical equipment, Cardiovascular instruments, Implanted, Cardiovascular implants, Tachycardia, Arrhythmia, Pacemaker, Artificial (Heart), Pacemakers

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Evaluation and management of patients after implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shock

Article Abstract:

An evidence-based discussion is presented to assess options for the evaluation and management of patients, who have received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) shock. It is concluded that a basic understanding of the range of available options is essential, and the occurrence of ICD shocks can be reduced, while maintaining the lifesaving ability of the ICD through the use of effective ICD programming and antiarrhythmic medications.

Risk factors, Heart diseases

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Complications associated with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator replacement in response to device advisories

Article Abstract:

The complication rate associated with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) generator replacement for the current ICD advisories is determined. It is concluded that ICD generator replacement in patients with advisory devices is associated with a substaintial rate of complications, including death.

United States, Cardiovascular diseases, Complications and side effects

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