Bacteremia in hospitalized patientsinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus: a case-control study of risk factors and outcome

Article Abstract:

HIV patients with low CD4 lymphocyte counts may be at risk of acquiring a bacterial infection, especially if they have an indwelling intravenous catheter. Researchers reviewed the records of 295 HIV patients with a total of 689 hospitalizations over a two-year period. About 9% of the hospitalizations were associated with bacteremia (bloodstream bacterial infection). The most common cause of bacteremia among these patients was Staphylococcus bacteria. Bacteremia was significantly associated with the presence of an indwelling intravenous catheter. Patients who had been treated with zidovudine (AZT) had a lower incidence of bacteremia. Of the 45 patients hospitalized with bacteremia, 17 experienced recurrences. Most of the patients had advanced disease, as indicated by low CD4 lymphocyte counts. HIV patients with bacteremia had an in-hospital mortality rate similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients with bacteremia, however.

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Bacteremia in hospitalized patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: a case-control study of risk factors and outcome

Article Abstract:

HIV patients with low CD4 lymphocyte counts may be at risk of acquiring a bacterial infection, especially if they have an indwelling intravenous catheter. Researchers reviewed the records of 295 HIV patients with a total of 689 hospitalizations over a two-year period. About 9% of the hospitalizations were associated with bacteremia (bloodstream bacterial infection). The most common cause of bacteremia among these patients was Staphylococcus bacteria. Bacteremia was significantly associated with the presence of an indwelling intravenous catheter. Patients who had been treated with zidovudine (AZT) had a lower incidence of bacteremia. Of the 45 patients hospitalized with bacteremia, 17 experienced recurrences. Most of the patients had advanced disease, as indicated by low CD4 lymphocyte counts. HIV patients with bacteremia had an in-hospital mortality rate similar to that of non-HIV-infected patients with bacteremia, however.

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Risk factors for dideoxynucleoside-induced toxic neuropathy in patients with the human immunodeficiency virus infection

Article Abstract:

Some AIDS patients may possess certain risk factors for a drug-induced reaction that causes pain and loss of sensation in the hands and feet. Researchers studied 103 AIDS patients who were taking either didanosine or zalcitabine to see how many experienced a dose-related toxic neuropathy, a condition that affects the nerves and causes pain and numbness in the extremities. Fourteen of 51 patients taking zalcitabine and seven of 55 taking didanosine experienced drug-induced neuropathy. Symptoms disappeared after the drug was discontinued. Risk factors for developing the reaction to either drug included vitamin B12 deficiency, and histories of heavy drinking or nerve dysfunction in the extremities. Doctors may decide to screen AIDS patients for such risk factors before prescribing either of these drugs.

Causes of, Drug therapy, Peripheral nerve diseases, Peripheral nervous system diseases, Didanosine, Zalcitabine

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