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Botulinum toxin: the story of its development for the treatment of human disease

Article Abstract:

Botulinum toxin is a very dangerous foodborne toxin and the cause of botulism. Initially, botulinum toxin was used in the treatment of strabismus and facial movements. However, numerous studies have led to the expansion of the therapeutic usage of the toxin. The other applications of botulinum toxin include the treatment of limb dystonias, tremors, spasticity, Parkinson's disease-related contractions, pelvic disorders, pain syndromes and gastrointestinal disorders.

Author: Johnson, Eric A., Schantz, Edward J.
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Publication Name: Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0031-5982
Year: 1997
Health aspects, Botulinum toxin, Botulinum toxins

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Potassium: The story of an element

Article Abstract:

Sir Humphrey Davy discovered potassium in 1807 by applying the new method of electrolysis to potash. The electric battery developed in 1800 by Volta was used. Later researchers confirmed potassium's physical and geological importance. Its isotopic abundance made it an unusual element and it was also an index to human body composition. Potassium has enriched and advanced our understanding of human biology and scientists and clinicians have many uses for it.

Author: Forbes, Gilbert B.
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Publication Name: Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0031-5982
Year: 1995
Usage, History, Potassium (Chemical element), Potassium, Potassium (Nutrient), Mineral metabolism, Potassium metabolism

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PRIDE AND PREJUDICE: THE STORY OF ERGOT

Article Abstract:

The use and prominence of ergot alkaloids possibly dates to the Mysteries of Eleusis or the Salem Witch trials, but more famously, ergotism, was attributed to the Bubonic plague. Derived from fungi, these microbial biopharmaceutins were utilized by midwives as obstetric drugs and were also known for their toxic and psychoactive effects. The therapeutic potential of ergot alkaloids in psychology has not yet been identified.

Author: BENNETT, J. W., BENTLEY, RONALD
Publisher: Johns Hopkins University Press
Publication Name: Perspectives in Biology and Medicine
Subject: Health
ISSN: 0031-5982
Year: 1999
Risk factors, Physiological aspects, Ergot alkaloids, Ergotism

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