Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on neutropenia due to chemotherapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Article Abstract:

Most anticancer agents are nonspecific in their action against cells, and can cause myelosuppression, the inhibition of bone marrow function. Myelosuppression contributes to the development of infection, disease, and death, and causes a need to reduce doses of anticancer agents in cancer patients. Doses of anticancer agents are often limited by the development of neutropenia, a decrease in the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. At the same time, effective treatment of cancer often requires large doses of anticancer drugs. One approach to preventing myelosuppression is bone marrow transplantation to accelerate recovery of bone marrow cells. Colony-stimulating factors enhance the growth of granulocytes, a granular type of white blood cell, and macrophages, a type of immune system defense cell. Recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was shown to stimulate the growth and development of neutrophils in monkeys experimentally treated with the anticancer drug cyclophosphamide and radiation. The effectiveness of rhG-CSF in stimulating the growth of bone marrow cells was assessed in 16 patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system. These patients were receiving treatment with anticancer drugs that cause myelosuppression. The patients were treated with varying doses of rhG-CSF given by intravenous infusion for 14 days, starting three days after chemotherapy. The rhG-CSF was rapidly removed from the blood, and 50 percent of the given dose was eliminated by six hours. A dose of 100 micrograms (ug) of rhG-CSF per square meter (m) of body area per day decreased the duration of neutropenia and fever. The rhG-CSF was well tolerated and caused only slight bone pain. These findings suggest that the most effective dose of rhG-CSF in reducing myelosuppression caused by chemotherapy is 100 to 200 ug per square m per day. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Health aspects, Bone marrow, Colony-stimulating factors (Physiology), Colony-stimulating factors

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Assessment of Humoral Immunity to Poliomyelitis, Tetanus, Hepatitis B, Rubella, and Mumps in Children after Chemotherapy

Article Abstract:

Chemotherapy affects immunity to vaccine-preventable disease in children who receive chemotherapy for malignancies. It is recommended that they get a booster dose after chemotherapy.

United Kingdom, Science & research, Research, Immunity, Immunity (Physiology)

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