Evaluating transfusion triggers

Article Abstract:

The need for blood transfusion requires careful clinical assessment of each patient in light of coexisting medical conditions, expectations of blood loss, and consideration of risks and benefits. Guidelines for red cell transfusion developed in 1988 no longer apply, based on subsequent research. Healthy adults can tolerate extreme anemia in experimental settings, but determining transfusion requirements in patients requires more complex evaluation. Clinical judgment, laboratory tests, and functional assessments should guide physicians in determining if a patient needs more red cells.

Health aspects, Editorial, Anemia, Blood transfusion, Blood cell count

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Evaluating cord care

Article Abstract:

The umbilical stump is a potential site for infection and there are differing opinions about whether to treat the umbilicus, and the methods of treatment. Some believe that antibiotics can interfere with the body's natural healing process. Hexachlorophane powder is an antiseptic treatment which was applied topically to the umbilicus, although it was withdrawn from the market after it was found that small amounts are absorbed through the skin and there was a rise in staphylococcal sepsis.

Umbilical cord

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Evaluating pre-operative care

Article Abstract:

The introduction of a pre-operative assessment clinic in orthopaedics has been a positive move. The clinic was set up with fairly senior nurses. The clinic provided a quality service through research and regular evaluation. Evaluation included an audit of admissions, discharge after pre-operative assessment, deferment audit, and a patient satisfaction survey.

Evaluation, Medical care, Medical care needs assessment, Orthopedic surgery

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