Evidence that dyslexia may represent the lower tail of a normal distribution of reading ability

Article Abstract:

Children with dyslexia may simply be at the low end of a normal reading distribution rather than having a specific reading impairment. A long-term study of 414 children who began kindergarten in 1983 found that reading scores of the children varied along a continuum and there was no cut-off point to clearly distinguish those with dyslexia. Reading ability may also change over time - only 28% percent of the children diagnosed as dyslexic in first grade were diagnosed as dyslexic in third grade. Based on these results, only 17% of the children diagnosed with dyslexia in first grade would be diagnosed with dyslexia in sixth grade. Dyslexia may occur in degrees, like high blood pressure, and may vary over time.

Diagnosis

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Dyslexia

Article Abstract:

Dyslexia is characterized by difficulty reading because the affected individual has difficulty breaking down words into their components. Many dyslexics are otherwise intelligent, with good comprehension, reasoning and vocabulary. Reading words in isolation is the best way to diagnose dyslexia because children can guess the meaning of a word within the context of the sentence or paragraph. Dyslexic children will need remedial training using highly structured exercises. Dyslexia is a lifelong condition, and dyslexic adults will need accommodation including extra reading time, recorded books and tutors.

Analysis, Education, Dyslexic children

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Beta-blockers to prevent gastroesophageal varices in patients with cirrhosis

Article Abstract:

An estimated 213 patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension were randomly assigned to receive timolol, a nonselective beta-blocker, or placebo. Results suggest that nonselective beta-blockers are ineffective in preventing varices in unselected patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension and are associated with an increased number of adverse events.

New England States, Health aspects, Care and treatment, Hypertension, Dosage and administration, New England, Liver cirrhosis, Varicose veins, Timolol maleate

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