Factors influencing the optimal control-to-case ratio in matched case-control studies

Article Abstract:

For the purpose of examining the hypothesis that the value of increasing the control-to-case ratio beyond 5 varies with both matched controls (phi) of the correlation coefficient between cases and prevalence of exposure among controls (P0), the statistical power for a hypothetical case-control study has been estimated making different assumptions. Statistical power in matched case-control studies depends on both the correlation coefficient between cases and their matched controls (phi) and the prevalence of exposure among controls (P0). The effect of increasing the control-to-case ratio depended on phi, and also on P0, but not as much. Results indicate that investigators may do well to include 5+ controls per case when phi exceeds approximately 0.2 or P0 is less than approximately 0.15.

United States, Research, Methods, Health surveys, Experimental design, Research design, Medical statistics, Statistics (Mathematics)

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Absence of cross-reactivity between sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonamide nonantibiotics

Article Abstract:

Patients who are allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics may develop a reaction if they take another type of drug that also contains sulfonamide, such as a diuretic or diabetes drug. However, a study of 969 patients who were allergic to sulfonamide antibiotics showed that this was due to a general predisposition to allergy. The risk of having an allergic reaction to another sulfonamide drug was higher in those who were also allergic to penicillin.

Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical preparations, Cyclic Crude and Intermediate Manufacturing, Medicinals and botanicals, Sulfonamides, Sulfonamide Preparations, Drug allergy, Drug hypersensitivity, Cross reactions (Immunology)

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Exposure to Soy-Based Formula in Infancy and Endocrinological and Reproductive Outcomes in Young Adulthood

Article Abstract:

Soy-based infant formulas do not appear to have an adverse effect on the reproductive system, according to a study of 811 people between the ages of 20 and 34 who were fed either soy-based milk or cow's milk as babies. Soybeans contain substances called phytoestrogens, which may mimic the action of human estrogen.

Health aspects, Reproductive organs, Genitalia, Soyfoods, Infant formulas

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