Drug legalization, harm reduction, and drug policy

Article Abstract:

It may be economically advisable to center United States (US) national drug policy on reducing the harmful effects of all drugs, legal and illegal, through prevention and rehabilitation programs. Researchers reviewed historic and current drug use trends, current and proposed drug policy, and costs associated with drug use in the US. Drug use has historically cycled in the last 100 years fluctuating with the prevailing national drug policy. Adult illegal drug use has significantly decreased since 1985 with stricter enforcement of drug laws. However, marijuana use among high school seniors has risen by nearly 9% between the years 1992 and 1994. Legal and criminal costs associated with restricting drug use were $46 billion for illegal drugs as compared to $15.8 for alcohol in 1990. Costs to society, including lost productivity and medical and legal costs, were $66.9 billion for illegal drugs as compared to $98.6 billion for alcohol in 1990.

Economic aspects, Political aspects, Narcotics, Control of, Narcotics control, Smoking, Alcoholism, Legalization of narcotics, Narcotics legalization

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Hazards of hospitalization of the elderly

Article Abstract:

Hospitalization of the aged may lead to rapid and progressive functional decline. One study found that of 60 previously independent people aged 75 or older who were admitted to the hospital for an acute illness, 75% were no longer functionally independent upon discharge from the hospital, and 15% entered nursing homes. Hospitalization and extended bed rest tend to exacerbate changes that normally accompany aging such as declining muscle strength and aerobic capacity, bone density, urinary continence, appetite and thirst. Factors including immobilization and sensory deprivation interact with aging factors to cause dependency. Modifications in hospital care that encourage patients to move around and promote interaction with other patients and staff can foster independency among elderly patients.

Health aspects, Aged, Elderly, Hospitalization, Hospital care

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