Frequent symptoms after DTPP (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis) vaccinations

Article Abstract:

In the Netherlands, infants are vaccinated with a combined vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and poliomyelitis (DTPP) that is prepared by the National Institute of Health and Environmental Protection. The vaccine contains diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, whole cell pertussis vaccine, and inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine. An intramuscular injection of the DTPP vaccine is given to each infant at three months, four months, five months, and 11 months of age. Symptoms of fever, localized reaction (redness) at the injection site, crying, and generalized symptoms (changes in eating or sleeping habits, vomiting, drowsiness, fretfulness) have been reported to occur within 48 hours after the vaccine. In an attempt to determine the frequency of these symptoms, the parents of 540 infants were asked to record any symptoms that appeared following each of the four DTPP vaccinations. Fever, local reactions, and increased crying occurred following 68 percent, 66 percent, and 64 percent of the vaccinations, respectively. In most cases, fever was accompanied by crying, a localized reaction, or other general symptoms. Eighty percent of the vaccinations caused one or more of the general symptoms. There was no reaction to the vaccine in four percent of the cases. The risk of developing fever or redness at the injection site increased with subsequent injections if they occurred during prior injections. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

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Pain and measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination

Article Abstract:

A vaccine program to prevent measles, mumps, and rubella was introduced into Great Britain in 1988 involving two vaccines, Pluserix and MMR II, which are produced by different drug companies. Both types have a similar ability to activate the immune system, although MMR II has been reported to cause more distress in children than Pluserix. MMR II may cause burning or stinging at the injection site because of the acidity of the solution. The occurrence of immediate pain at the injection site was assessed in 77 children who were given one of the two types of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine; 37 received Pluserix and 40 were given MMR II. Pain was assessed by the amount of crying. MMR II caused 2 to 31 times more crying than did Pluserix. These findings show that pain is a real and unnecessary side effect of the MMR II vaccine. Although the crying did not last for more than a minute, it may produce adverse psychological effects, which may extend to the parents or caregivers or to other children waiting for their vaccination. The children in this study had an average age of 44 months, which is older than the age at which children are normally vaccinated with the measle, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Hence, it may be inappropriate to apply these results to toddlers or babies. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Evaluation, Pain in children, Pediatric pain

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Measles, mumps, and rubella: recommendations for children/adolescents

Article Abstract:

Updated guidelines for the administration of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccines have been presented. Most children should receive an MMR vaccine at 12 to 15 months and a booster at either 5 to 6 years or 11 to 12 years. At-risk children should receive their first MMR vaccine at or before age one and then continue with the recommended schedule. Side effects may include a rash or fever. The vaccine may not be advisable for children who have had severe allergic reactions to the vaccine.

Standards, Dosage and administration, Immunization of children, Immunization

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