Male circumcision, sexually transmitted disease, and risk of HIV

Article Abstract:

Uncircumcised men appear to be at a higher risk for HIV infection than circumcised men in Rwanda. A total of 837 married men were interviewed, examined and tested for HIV. Seventy-one percent of the men were uncircumcised. Twenty-seven percent of the men were HIV positive. The prevalence of HIV infection was consistently higher among uncircumcised men in all demographic strata. However, when risk factors for HIV infection, such as the number of lifetime sexual partners or contact with prostitutes, were analyzed uncircumcised men were generally found to be at lower risk for infection. Uncircumcised men were less likely to report a history of sexually transmitted diseases but more likely than circumcised men to report a history of genital ulcer disease (GUD). GUD is believed to be associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission. These data indicate that uncircumcised men who engage in high-risk sexual behaviors may be at a higher risk of HIV infection than circumcised men who engage in these behaviors.

Sexually transmitted diseases, Risk factors, HIV infection, HIV infections, Circumcision

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Role of nutritional status and weight loss in HIV seroconversion among Rwandan women

Article Abstract:

Weight loss may contribute to rapid HIV seroconversion in people infected with HIV. HIV is the virus that causes AIDS. Seroconversion occurs when a person changes from HIV-negative to HIV-positive status. One third of 45 African women who became HIV-positive during a two-year period reported a significant weight loss in the six months prior to seroconversion. Women who later became HIV-positive were also more likely to report noticeable weight loss before the beginning of the study. No significant differences in nutritional status were found between women who became HIV-positive and those who remained HIV-negative. Though weight loss was clearly correlated with HIV seroconversion in these women, the underlying cause of the relationship remains unclear.

Women, Weight loss, Women's health, Rwanda, HIV seropositivity, HIV positive

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