Control of Infectious Diseases, 1900-1999

Article Abstract:

The appearance of AIDS, drug-resistant tuberculosis and a virulent strain of avian influenza in Hong Kong illustrate the importance of infectious organisms. In 1900, the three leading causes of death were pneumonia, tuberculosis and diarrhea, all of which were caused by microorganisms. In the 1990s, the top causes of death are heart disease and cancer, neither of which is caused by microorganisms. This outstanding progress against infectious organisms is mostly attributable to infection control and antibiotics. However, many bacteria can become resistant to drugs and viruses can mutate.

Infection, History, Statistics, Communicable diseases

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Immunohematologic disorders

Article Abstract:

Immunohematologic disorders are characterized by immune reactions against blood cells, clotting proteins, and transfused blood products. Hemolytic anemias are the destruction of red blood cells by autoimmune responses or in reaction to medication. Immune processes may destroy platelets or white blood cells. Incompatible blood transfusions can cause serious hemolytic reactions. Transfusions can also induce allergic responses, fever, and lung injury. Antibodies against clotting proteins may produce bleeding disorders. Some white cell disorders induce immune suppression.

Analysis, Physiological aspects, Hemolytic anemia, Thrombocytopenia, Blood transfusion, Blood diseases, Hematologic diseases

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