Indications for hysterectomy

Article Abstract:

More hysterectomies are performed in the US than any other type of major operation except cesarean section. The number of hysterectomies performed in the US has decreased only slightly since the mid-1980s with regional variation in hysterectomy rates. Variations in hysterectomy rates are caused by a wide variety of factors including patient characteristics, availability of medical resources and professional attitudes. A hysterectomy may be performed for a variety of disorders including uterine leiomyomas, or benign tumors, dysfunctional uterine bleeding, genital prolapse, endometriosis and adenomyosis. Other conditions include chronic pelvic pain, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometrial hyperplasia and different types of cervical and uterine cancer. A hysterectomy may be performed to prevent cervical or uterine cancer in some older women depending on their risk of these types of cancer.

Planning, Hysterectomy, Uterine diseases

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Alternatives to hysterectomy for menorrhagia

Article Abstract:

Surgical removal of the endometrium, or inner layer of the uterus, appears to be an effective alternative to hysterectomy in women with menorrhagia. Menorrhagia is excessive uterine bleeding. It is a common problem in women and the most common cause of hysterectomy. However, new techniques using lasers and cauterizing agents are reducing the costs of treating menorrhagia. A 1996 study found that endometrial resection was effective in reducing the symptoms of menorrhagia in 71% to 80% of the women studied. However, newer, less invasive techniques could supercede this type of surgery.

Editorial, Surgery, Menorrhagia

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Vaginal Ultrasonography to Evaluate Postmenopausal Bleeding

Article Abstract:

Vaginal ultrasonography may effectively diagnose the source of vaginal bleeding after menopause. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), in widespread use, has increased the incidence of vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women. The standard diagnostic test has been endometrial biopsy. Vaginal ultrasonography is 92% sensitive in the detection of endometrial cancer, polyposis, or endometrial hyperplasia, and also provides a useful view of other reproductive structures. Ultrasound examination can cost less than half that of endometrial biopsy.

Care and treatment, Ultrasound imaging, Endometrial cancer, Postmenopausal women, Vagina, Endometrial hyperplasia, Vaginal bleeding

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