Influenza activity - United States and worldwide, and composition of 1991-92 influenza vaccine

Article Abstract:

A summary is presented of the incidence of influenza in the US and worldwide during 1990-1991; the number of US cases peaked between February 10 and March 2, 1991, when several states in the country's central regions reported widespread activity (outbreaks in counties that contain 50 percent or more of the state's population). Most viral isolates reported to the Centers for Disease Control were influenza type B, but as many as two percent were influenza A strains. The subtypes of A and B strains that were identified are listed. Worldwide, influenza B was most common in Canada and Europe; most outbreaks were local and among school children. Some cases of influenza A were seen in Sweden, Hungary, Korea, Japan, and other European countries. The vaccine recommended by the Food and Drug Administration for the 1991-1992 season contains two subtypes of influenza A-like strains and one subtype of an influenza B-like strain. The composition of the vaccine is based on an analysis of recently isolated viral strains and on the responses of people who received the 1990-1991 influenza vaccine. The rationale for choosing these subtypes and strains is presented. It is likely that influenza A will predominate in the coming season. Each year, the composition of the influenza vaccine to be used in the US is determined during the first months of the year, to allow more than 30 million doses to be manufactured and tested before the year's influenza season begins. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Prevention

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Update: influenza activity - United States and worldwide, 1995-96 season, and composition of the 1996-97 influenza vaccine

Article Abstract:

There were more cases of influenza during the 1995-96 season than last year and type A(H1N1) virus was the predominant virus for the first time in almost 10 years. Influenza cases first appeared in November and by December 24, influenza had become an epidemic, causing 8.2% of all deaths at its peak. Ninety-two percent of the viral isolates sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention were type A and 59% were type A(H1N1). The remainder were type A(H3N2). Epidemics of type A influenza also occurred in Europe and Asia. Although influenza type B represented only 8% of isolates at the beginning of the flu season, by March, it represented 50% to 72% of all isolates. Consequently, influenza type B could be an important cause of illness in the next flu season. The Food and Drug Administration recommends the development of a vaccine based on the A/Wuhan/359/95-like(H3N2), A/Texas/36/91-like(H1N1), and B/Beijing/184/93-like viruses for the next flu season.

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Influenza activity - United States and worldwide, and composition of the 1993-94 influenza vaccine

Article Abstract:

The incidence of influenza was moderate in the US and worldwide during the 1992-93 flu season. The flu season began in the US in October, with the highest level of activity occurring between December and early February. The influenza B virus was the most common cause of flu in the US between October and January, with the number of cases caused by the influenza A virus increasing after January. The incidence of flu was highest among school-age children and adolescents. Outbreaks of influenza also occurred in other parts of North America, Europe and Asia during the 1992-93 flu season. The influenza B virus was the most frequent cause of influenza globally, but influenza A virus activity was also high in some areas. The influenza vaccine that will be used during the 1993-94 flu season will protect against certain strains of both the influenza A and influenza B viruses.

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