Loss of 'complexity' and aging: potential applications of fractals and chaos theory to senescence

Article Abstract:

The loss of physiological control that occurs in different organ systems with aging may be quantified by using the concept of complexity from the field of non-linear dynamics. Non-linear dynamics attempts to quantify nonlinear systems, such as physiology, in which output does not equal output. Fractals and chaos are the two central concepts of non-linear dynamics. Fractals are complex irregular shapes that have a underlying pattern. Physiological systems have a branching fractal pattern such as that seen in networks of nerves. Chaos is the unpredictable behavior that can occur in certain feedback loops of non-linear systems. The loss of complexity that occurs in different physiological systems with age can be measured by quantifying degree of disorder in the system. Age-related loss of complexity affects brain function, release of hormones and cardiovascular control. Measurement of complexity may help assess age-related anatomical and physiological changes, and lead to prevention and treatment for these changes.

Aging, Physiological aspects

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An 85-year-old woman with a history of falls

Article Abstract:

Falls in the elderly can have many causes. Aging can cause changes in joints, balance, posture, muscle strength and agility, which could affect stability. The regulation of blood pressure could change, increasing the risk of hypotension. Many diseases such as dementia and arthritis and the use of certain medications can contribute to instability. Diagnostic work-up should include a neurologic and cardiac evaluation as well as a physical exam and laboratory tests of blood samples. Muscle training could help many elderly patients as well as a change in the home environment that eliminates household hazards.

Care and treatment, Falls (Accidents), Accidental falls

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