Malignant plasma cell tumors in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients

Article Abstract:

AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, which causes AIDS) may be associated with the formation of malignant growths. Guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control indicate that, in an HIV-infected patient, the development of intermediate and advanced stages of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma marks the progression of HIV disease to AIDS. Plasma cell tumors are cancerous growths of B-cells, a type of immune cell, and commonly develop in older patients. Recently, plasma cell tumors have been reported in young patients with HIV infection or risk factors for HIV disease and AIDS. Two cases are described of young HIV-infected patients with malignant plasma cell tumors. One patient received radiation treatment and chemotherapy, and remains alive and well 24 months after the start of therapy. The second patient underwent several operations to remove the cancer, which was localized in the penis and groin, and was treated with radiation therapy. However, the malignancy was not completely eliminated. These cases demonstrate that B-cell tumors other than intermediate and advanced B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma may develop in HIV disease. Other studies have reported the occurrence of B-cell acute lymphocytic leukemia, a type of blood cancer, in HIV-infected patients. Thus, plasma cell tumors may represent another manifestation of aggressive B-cell neoplasia associated with HIV disease. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Development and progression, Plasma cell diseases

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Cutaneous Hodgkin's disease in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus infection

Article Abstract:

The AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) epidemic has turned a number of previously rare conditions into common occurrences. In addition, some tumors occur in unusual places or behave more aggressively in AIDS patients. In the case of a 22-year-old homosexual man who tested HIV positive (indicates the presence of human immunodeficiency virus, which is associated with AIDS), Hodgkin's disease was identified as the cause of red nodules on the skin of the chest. Further examination revealed widespread disease affecting lymph nodes and the liver. Hodgkin's disease does not frequently affect the skin, and in at least some published cases, the proper diagnosis may actually have been lymphomatoid papulosis. Despite involvement of lymph nodes, the liver, and the skin of the chest, this patient did not show signs of lymphoma in the mediastinal cavity between the lungs. This finding, which suggests non-contiguous spread, is more common among AIDS patients than among HIV-negative patients with Hodgkin's disease. The patient in this case has responded well to chemotherapy, but his prognosis is considered poor due to the underlying HIV infection. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

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Hodgkin's disease after non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma in acquired immune deficiency syndrome

Article Abstract:

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has come to be recognized as a common complication in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A patient with AIDS has now been seen who developed Hodgkin's disease after treatment for non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma. The occurrence of both Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's malignant lymphoma in the same individual is exceptionally rare. The patient had been treated for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Despite a history of syphilis, hepatitis, and amebic dysentery, a test for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, which causes AIDS) was not performed at this time. Over the next two years, the patient developed a groin mass, which was biopsied and identified as Hodgkin's lymphoma. The patient was treated with interferon therapy and, subsequently, by conventional chemotherapy. However, he developed a toxoplasma infection in his brain, a common event among AIDS patients, and died about 1.5 years after the diagnosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, AIDS (Disease)

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