Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: indications for use

Article Abstract:

Indications for usage of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications for the treatment of pain and inflammation are discussed. The harmful side-effect and contraindications are also presented, along with a description of COX -1 and COX-2 in patients who cannot tolerate non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents.

Usage, Drug therapy, Pain, COX-2 inhibitors, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents

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Understanding the physiological effects of unrelieved pain

Article Abstract:

The physiological effects of intractable, long-term pain includes stress response reactions which include increase breathing and heart rate. Chronic pain can also cause changes in the sympathetic nervous system and in the neuroendocrine system.

Health aspects, Stress (Physiology), Intractable pain, Chronic pain

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The causes and treatments of phantom limb pain

Article Abstract:

The physiological and psychological causes of phantom limb pain are discussed along with pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options.

Psychological aspects, Methods, Pain management, Amputation, Phantom limb

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