Oligohydramnios: antepartum fetal urine production and intrapartum fetal distress

Article Abstract:

Oligohydramnios (insufficient volume of amniotic fluid) is associated with poor infant outcome. However, the optimal amount of amniotic fluid, and the level to which it must be reduced before the fetus is endangered, have not been determined. The condition can arise from a variety of causes, including a decrease in the amount of fetal urine produced as a consequence of fetal hypoxemia (low blood levels of oxygen). To learn more concerning the significance of fetal urine production in cases of oligohydramnios, 51 fetuses were studied. Oligohydramnios was diagnosed before urine production was evaluated. Fetal urine production was estimated from ultrasound records of the bladder volume during a 30-minute period. Patients with oligohydramnios were admitted for delivery as soon as the diagnosis was made and the bladder volumes computed later. The fetuses were divided into three groups: 21 control fetuses, with normal heart rate patterns throughout labor and delivery; 18 fetuses with persistent heart rate abnormalities during vaginal delivery; and 12 fetuses delivered by cesarean section because of persistent fetal heart rate abnormalities. Those in the latter group had the lowest rate of urine production (32 milliliters per hour) compared with the second group (57 ml per hour) and the first group (95 ml per hour). The possible role of hypoxemia in causing oliguria (production of abnormally low volumes of urine) is discussed. It may be useful to measure fetal urine production rates to identify infants at particular risk from oligohydramnios. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Usage, Oligohydramnios, Prenatal ultrasonography, Ultrasonics in obstetrics

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Does magnesium sulfate affect the length of labor induction in women with pregnancy-associated hypertension?

Article Abstract:

Hypertensive pregnant women being treated with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures may not experience longer induction of labor or an increased cesarean section rate than women receiving phenytoin, another antiseizure treatment. Researchers compared the length of time from induction of labor to delivery of 28 women being treated with magnesium sulfate to 26 women taking phenytoin. Length of labor was similar in both groups, as was the 29.6% rate of cesarean section. No seizures occurred. Treatment with magnesium sulfate should not be withheld in the belief it delays labor onset and increases the chance of cesarean delivery. Magnesium sulfate is used in women with preterm labor to prevent preterm delivery.

Complications and side effects, Hypertension in pregnancy, Gestational hypertension, Labor, Induced (Obstetrics), Induced labor, Magnesium sulfate

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Randomized trial of single-dose versus multiple-dose cefotetan for the postpartum treatment of intrapartum chorioamnionitis

Article Abstract:

New mothers with chorioamnionitis appear to benefit equally from cefotetan treatment given either in a single dose or repeatedly over a two-day period. The single dose regimen may result in a shorter hospital stay. Hospital stay length and treatment effectiveness were compared among 55 infected women treated with a single cefotetan dose and 54 women treated with multiple doses. Women treated with a single dose left the hospital a median of 33 hours after delivery while those treated with multiple doses left the hospital 57 hrs after delivery. A similar number of women in each group required further treatment.

Drug therapy, Dosage and administration, Cefotetan, Chorioamnionitis

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