Prevention of thromboembolism after spinal cord injury using low-molecular-weight heparin

Article Abstract:

Thromboembolism, the formation and migration of potentially life-threatening blood clots, occurs in almost all spinal cord injury patients with complete paralysis. Techniques to prevent thromboembolism have included the use of the anticoagulant heparin, which must be given subcutaneously two to three times daily, and carries the risk of inducing bleeding. Standard preparations of heparin are heterogeneous mixes of molecules of various molecular weights, although the experimental evidence shows that the lower molecular weight components have the greatest antithrombotic effect. Logiparin, a new, once a day, low-molecular-weight form of heparin, has recently become available for study. Spinal cord injury patients without pre-existing bleeding complications were randomly assigned to receive either standard heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin. Of 21 patients in the standard heparin group, five had thromboembolic complications, two of which were fatal, and two others experienced significant bleeding. None of the 20 patients in the low-molecular-weight group suffered either bleeding or thrombotic events. Logiparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, appears to be significantly more effective in preventing thromboembolism in spinal cord injury patients without an increased risk of bleeding. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Care and treatment, Evaluation, Product/Service Evaluation, Prevention, Complications and side effects, Thromboembolism, Heparin, Fibrinolytic agents, Spinal cord injuries, Thrombolytic drugs, Paraplegics, Logiparin (Medication)

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Sexual adventurism, high-risk behavior, and human immunodeficiency virus-1 seroconversion among the Chicago MACS-CCS cohort, 1984 to 1992: a case-control study

Article Abstract:

Several factors, including temperamental factors, may increase the risk of HIV infection. Researchers analyzed data collected periodically over a 10-year period on the behavior of 380 mostly white, middle-class, bi- and homosexual men who remained HIV negative and compared results with 76 men who became HIV-positive. The following were associated with increased likelihood of HIV infection: receptive anal sex whether unprotected or with reported condom use, increased numbers of sexual partners, recreational drug use, and high scores on a scale measuring risk-taking behavior.

Sexual behavior, Gays, Risk factors, HIV infection, HIV infections

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Replacing time since human immunodeficiency virus infection by marker values in predicting residual time to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome diagnosis

Article Abstract:

Various marker values could replace the time since infection in predicting the development of AIDS in HIV-infected patients. Researchers used mathematical methods to determine whether CD4 lymphocyte count and percentage, and neopterin and beta2-microglobulin levels could replace the time since infection. The results indicated that time since infection has little if any relevance to disease progression. This is important because it is very difficult to know exactly when someone becomes infected.

Measurement, Development and progression, AIDS (Disease), CD4 lymphocytes

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