Prostacyclin and Thromboxane Changes Predating Clinical Onset of Preeclampsia A Multicenter Prospective Study

Article Abstract:

Preeclampsia may be initially caused by a decrease in prostacyclin, which is a naturally occurring chemical in the body that relaxes blood vessels. Preeclampsia is a potentially serious complication of pregnancy. Researchers measured blood levels of prostacyclin in 134 pregnant women who developed preeclampsia and 139 pregnant women who didn't. Those who developed preeclampsia had much lower prostacyclin levels long before they developed the condition. This would cause blood vessels to constrict. This may explain why aspirin does not prevent preeclampsia because aspirin has no effect on prostacyclin.

Statistical Data Included, Physiological aspects, Development and progression, Preeclampsia, Prostacyclin

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Maternal serum paraxanthine, a caffeine metabolite, and the risk of spontaneous abortion

Article Abstract:

Moderate amounts of coffee do not appear to increase the risk of miscarriage. Researchers measured a metabolite of caffeine called paraxanthine in blood samples from 591 pregnant women who had a miscarriage and 2,558 pregnant women who had a normal pregnancy and live birth. Over 80% of both groups had paraxanthine in their blood, but only women with very high blood levels had an increased risk of miscarriage. Compared to women with 50 nanograms or less of paraxanthine per milliliter, those with blood levels over 1,800 nanograms per milliliter had twice the risk of miscarriage.

Health aspects, Risk factors, Caffeine, Miscarriage

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Serum cotinine concentration and self-reported smoking during pregnancy

Article Abstract:

A study was conducted to assess the accuracy of self-reported smoking during pregnancy by performing serum cotinine assays on 448 women. Assuming that a serum cotinine concentration identifies active smoking, 94.9% of women who rejected smoking and 87% of those who engaged in smoking during pregnancy reported accurately. This study suggests that women reported accurately, but cotinine concentration is a better measure than self-reporting.

Research, Measurement, Smokers, Smoking, Cotinine, Tobacco habit

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