Superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) enhances the replication of HIV-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells through selective activation of CD4+ T lymphocytes
Article Abstract:
Bacterial superantigens such as toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) may increase HIV replication and also transform certain T cells. Superantigens are proteins that can activate a wide variety of T cells. Researchers took blood samples from healthy volunteers and infected their mononuclear cells (PBMC) with HIV. In the absence of TSST-1, very little viral p24 antigen was observed, indicating little viral reproduction. When TSST-1 was added to the PBMCs, p24 antigen levels increased. TSST-1 also transformed T cells and activated CD4+ cells but not CD8+ cells. Only higher levels of TSST-1 activated CD8+ cells. Viral replication in the presence of TSST-1 was inhibited by antibodies against tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), indicating that TNF-alpha is also involved in this reaction.
Publication Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1077-9450
Year: 1995
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
A lipidated anti-Tat antibody enters living cells and blocks HIV-1 viral replication
Article Abstract:
Lipidated antibodies against the HIV Tat protein could reduce viral reproduction. A lipidated antibody is created by attaching fat molecules to the carbohydrate molecules that are naturally present on antibodies. This allows the antibody to cross cell membranes and enter the cell. In a T cell line infected with HIV, lipidated antibodies directed at the HIV Tat protein reduced cell destruction by HIV by as much as 85%. Levels of reverse transcriptase and p24 antigen, which are both produced by the virus, also dropped 75% to 80%.
Publication Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1077-9450
Year: 1997
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by a Tat RNA-binding domain peptide analog
Article Abstract:
A synthetic peptide that may block HIV reproduction is described. The peptide, called Tat10-biotin, resembles the HIV Tat protein. This protein binds to viral RNA and begins the viral reproductive process. Tat10-biotin can also bind to viral RNA and block viral reproduction. The peptide inhibited HIV reproduction in cell culture and also suppressed the production of the viral enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is required for viral reproduction.
Publication Name: Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
Subject: Health
ISSN: 1077-9450
Year: 1998
User Contributions:
Comment about this article or add new information about this topic:
- Abstracts: Quantification of HTLV-II proviral copies by competitive polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Italian injecting drug users, Central Africans, and Amerindians
- Abstracts: Sequence specificity in the higher-order interaction of the Rev protein of HIV-1 with its target sequence, the RRE. part 2
- Abstracts: Foundations and principles of human reproduction. Ethics of ignorance: lessons from the epidemiological assessment of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy ("mad cow disease") epidemic
- Abstracts: Effect of HLA type and hypocomplementaemia on the expression of parvovirus arthritis: one year follow up of an outbreak
- Abstracts: Medical heuristics: the silent adjudicators of clinical practice. Building measurement and data collection into medical practice