The effect of acute renal failure on mortality: a cohort analysis

Article Abstract:

Acute kidney failure may be an important cause of death that is independent of any underlying conditions. It also appears to increase the risk of serious diseases that could lead to death. Researchers identified 174 hospital patients who had developed kidney failure after having a diagnostic procedure that used contrast dyes. They were matched to 174 patients who had such a procedure but did not develop kidney failure. Thirty-four percent of the patients who developed kidney failure died during their hospitalization, compared to 7% of those who did not develop kidney failure. Mortality rates were lower in those who did not develop kidney failure even though they had the same underlying conditions as those who did. These conditions included diabetes, hypertension, liver disease and heart failure. Patients with kidney failure who eventually died were more likely to develop serious bacterial infections, respiratory failure and mental status changes shortly after their kidneys failed.

Patient outcomes, Mortality, Acute renal failure, Acute kidney failure

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The relationship of treatment adherence to the risk of death after myocardial infarction in women

Article Abstract:

Survival rates after a heart attack may be higher among women who comply with treatment than those who do not. Among 505 women between 30 and 69 years old, 265 were treated with propanolol and 240 were treated with a placebo, or active substance, starting five to 21 days after a heart attack. Ninety-one percent of the women took their medication as instructed and nine percent did not. Six percent of the women who complied with treatment died over an average follow-up time of two years, compared with 14% of the women who did not comply with treatment. More deaths occurred among women who did not comply with treatment regardless of whether they were in the propanolol group or the placebo group. A variety of other factors did not affect the difference in survival between women who complied with treatment and those who did not. These included age, severity of the heart attack, smoking history, marital status, educational level and race.

Health aspects, Care and treatment, Women, Diseases, Patient compliance, Heart attack

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New epidemiologic evidence confirming that bias does not explain the aspirin-Reye's syndrome association

Article Abstract:

The authors tested the validity of the theory that aspirin use causes Reye's syndrome, a rare and devastating childhood disease often occurring after a viral infection of the upper respiratory system that causes vomiting, liver changes, brain swelling and, sometimes, death. Eight-eight percent of case subjects and only 17 percent of controls took aspirin before the onset of Reye's syndrome. The study confirms that there is a strong association between Reye's syndrome and exposure to aspirin. Parents should be warned against giving aspirin to children with viral ilness.

Analysis, Reports, Complications and side effects, Demographic aspects, Aspirin, United States. Public Health Service, Medical record linkage, Reye syndrome

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