Simultaneous transmission of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus from a needle-stick injury

Article Abstract:

The case of a 48-year-old health care worker illustrates the potentially deadly interaction between HIV and the hepatitis C virus. She was stuck by a needle used on an AIDS patient. She tested negative for HIV up to 8 months after this exposure. However, 10 months after exposure, she became ill and an HIV test at that time was positive. After she developed signs of liver dysfunction, she was tested for hepatitis C virus and was found to be positive. Eighteen months after becoming HIV-positive, she died of liver and kidney failure. Her viral isolates were closely related to those isolated from the AIDS patient.

Patient outcomes, Mortality, Development and progression, Diseases, Medical personnel, Hepatitis C

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Infection by human immunodeficiency virus - CD4 is not enough

Article Abstract:

Several research findings indicate that the CD4 T cell receptor is not the only receptor used by HIV to enter cells. One study showed that mice resist HIV infection even though they have the CD4 receptor. An additional molecule called fusin was found to be necessary for viral entry. Fusin is now called CXCR4 and is known to be a receptor for chemokines, which attract immune cells. Once HIV binds to CD4, it probably causes conformational changes in the viral envelope proteins and the T cell membrane so the virus can bind to other receptors.

Research, HIV (Viruses), HIV, T cell antigen receptors, T cells, Virus receptors

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