The impact of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome epidemic on the philosophy of childbirth

Article Abstract:

Over the past 20 years childbirth practices have changed dramatically. Families are requesting that less invasive technology-based interventions be used during childbirth in an effort to return to the more 'natural' childbirth experience. However, the AIDS epidemic demands that guidelines regarding infection control be followed to prevent practitioners from becoming infected with contaminated blood. The human immunodeficiency virus is spread through contact with infected body fluids. The patient in labor who normally loses 500 ml of blood and even more amniotic fluid presents a risk from exposure. Although only ten cases of exposure have been reported among health care workers, precautions need to be taken in regard to contact with body fluids. The Centers for Disease Control recommend that patients should be considered infectious until negative HIV status has been definitely established. This means that healthcare workers, present during childbirth, will have to consider practices which prevent contact with body fluids such as double gloves, gowns, masks and goggles. The dehumanization of obstetrical practices may cause psychological isolation as well as physical isolation. The AIDS epidemic will no doubt influence the delivery of obstetrical healthcare; however, every attempt should be made to maintain a sensitive client-centered approach.

Beliefs, opinions and attitudes, AIDS (Disease), Obstetrics, AIDS phobia

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Childbirth and pelvic floor dysfunction: An epidemiologic approach to the assessment of prevention opportunities at delivery

Article Abstract:

The conceptual principles of epidemiologic function and the availability of data that is necessary to make informed recommendations about prevention opportunities for pelvic floor dysfunction at delivery is considered. A novel quantitative framework for the assessment of pelvic floor dysfunction prevention opportunities is discussed.

Pelvic inflammatory disease

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Factors predicting severe perineal trauma during childbirth: Role of forceps delivery routinely combined with mediolateral episiotomy

Article Abstract:

The risk factors influencing the occurrence of perineal tears in patients undergoing spontaneous or vaginal-assisted delivery by forceps routinely combined with mediolateral episiotomy are identified. Women with vaginal delivery of large infant possessed a higher risk for spincter damage.

Austria, Causes of, Pregnant women, Episiotomy, Psychic trauma in children, Childhood trauma (Psychology)

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