Update of psychosocial and pragmatic concerns

Article Abstract:

Mastectomy has been the mainstay of breast cancer treatment for almost a century. Only recently, however, have techniques for breast reconstruction become widely available as an option for the breast cancer patient. During the last few decades, not only have more women chosen the option of breast reconstruction, but social attitudes towards breast reconstruction have changed as well. For many years, many medical practitioners felt that women who sought breast reconstruction were unable to successfully cope with their new condition. Women who decline reconstruction were considered to be better adjusted and more able to accept their condition. When studies were conducted to psychologically evaluate such women, however, a different result was found. In a study of women who sought reconstruction some time after their mastectomy, researchers found these women to be more assertive in solving problems. These women were taking positive action to cope with a problem, rather than expressing a neurotic compensation. One study indicated that women who sought breast reconstruction actually scored higher on measures of self-esteem than did other patients. Compared with 10 years ago, physicians are more likely to endorse reconstructive breast surgery and recommend it to their patients. More evidence is now available that reduces the concern that breast reconstruction might mask a recurrence of cancer or even promote new cancer. Today's surgical techniques have markedly improved the cosmetic appearance of the reconstructed breast; this is especially true for the nipple areola. The breast cancer patient today has more options to choose from and medical insurers are more likely to pay the bill than they were a decade ago. Perhaps more importantly, there is increasing recognition that the quality of life is an important aspect of medical practice. Public information about breast reconstruction and greater public acceptance of the procedure are making a difficult decision easier for many women. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Social aspects, Surgery, Breast cancer, Surgery, Plastic, Plastic surgery, Breast, Mammaplasty, Breast reconstruction, Breast surgery

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An update on fixed prosthodontics

Article Abstract:

Innovations in fixed prosthodontics are described. Progress in materials science has led to more sophisticated techniques that require dentists to upgrade their skills on a regular basis. Consumers are also requesting prosthodontics more frequently and expect the restoration to have a natural appearance.

Innovations, Cover Story, Prosthodontics, Dental prostheses

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Climate change concerns prompt improved disease forecasting

Article Abstract:

Health officials and researchers in the United States are trying to devise new measures for better forecasting of the spread of infectious diseases with sudden climate change.

Health aspects, Development and progression, Climatic changes, Climate change, Vector-borne diseases

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