The legal status of transsexuals in the workplace

Article Abstract:

Transsexual Americans have not been successful in employment discrimination claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. These individuals have undergone sex reassignment surgery and experience many difficulties resulting from stereotyped thinking by employers and other employees. The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibiting employment discrimination against handicapped persons has been interpreted by one Federal district court to apply to transsexuals. The psychiatric classification of transsexualism as a mental disorder underlies the designation of these persons as handicapped.

Transsexuals, Sex change

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Language rules can violate Title VII

Article Abstract:

Company language proficiency policies can violate Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 if they deny equal employment without good business reasons to applicants or employees because they have physical, cultural, or linguistic characteristics of a national origin group. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), whose duties are to enforce Title VII, and the federal courts have been closely examining company language proficiency policies and upholding employers in court only when nondiscriminatory business reasons for the rules exists.

Powers and duties, Employment discrimination, Language policy

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Retirement: an executive decision?

Article Abstract:

Recent court case findings are discussed to illustrate the legal application of some of the issues addressed by the 1986 Age Discrimination in Employment Act Amendments, which prohibited mandatory retirement except in instances where employees are bona fide executives, and guidelines developed by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC). The court cases reveal that firms must follow all suggested EEOC guidelines when applying the 'bona fide' exemption, and firms must realize retirement benefits must be nonforfeitable.

Mandatory retirement, Retirement age

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