Was the worldwide shift to gold inevitable? An analysis of the end of bimetallism

Article Abstract:

Factors leading to the universal switch from bimetallism to the golden standard during the early 1870s and its consequences are analyzed. The German demonetization of silver was the main cause for the drop in silver prices after 1871. Continued free silver coinage in the Latin Union could have reduced marginally the share of gold in the Union's monetary system and would have made the subsequent restriction of free silver coinage in Belgium and France unnecessary. Adherence to bimetallism could have prevented deflation in the gold standard during the 1870s.

History, Gold standard, Deflation (Finance), Deflation (Economics)

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Cars Can Be Safer

Article Abstract:

Technological means now available could reduce and eliminate highway violence. Societies need to initiate and implement policies concerning highway safety. Speed limits should be lowered. Trucks could be forced to use special lanes. Technological advances include brake lights and sonar-based warning systems. Shatterproof windshields can reduce violence. Vehicle testing using test dummies in test crashes should be increased.

Safety and security measures, Automotive transportation, Transportation, Automotive

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Moments in the city

Article Abstract:

France's Regional Express Trains (RER) is depicted in a series of reminiscences involving homeless persons, billboards, and encounters with various men, women, and children. The emotions, sounds, smells, and images of strolls through markets, train stations, and streets are recalled as a way of illustrating French life in the 1990s. Consumerism, marketing, and poverty are all aspects of contemporary France.

Personal narratives, France, Portrayals, City and town life, Urban life

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